Test Repertoire and Reference Ranges
Test repertoire can be found on the Blood Sciences Test Guide
Select ‘Haematology’ discipline and use the A to Z or search function.
Reference Ranges:
Reference ranges for Haematology & Coagulation (Adult, Paediatric and Infant):
Adult FBC Reference Ranges
|
|
Reference Range | |
|---|---|---|
|
Parameter |
Male |
Female |
|
Red Blood Cells (RBC) x 1012/L |
4.5 - 5.5 |
3.8 – 4.8 |
|
Haemoglobin (HB) g/L |
130 - 170 |
120- 150 |
|
Haematocrit (Hct) |
0.4 - 0.5 |
0.36 - 0.46 |
|
Mean Cell Volume (MCV) fL |
83 - 101 |
|
|
Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH) pg |
27 - 32 |
|
|
Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) g/L |
315 - 345 |
|
|
Platelets (PLT) x 109/L |
150 - 410 |
|
|
White Blood Cells (WBC) x 109/L |
4.0 – 10.0 |
|
|
Differential: x 109/L Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils |
2.0 ‑ 7.0 (40-80%) 1.0 - 3.0 (20-40%) 0.2 ‑ 1.0 (2-10%) 0.02 ‑ 0.5 (1-6%) 0.02 ‑ 0.1 (<1-2%) |
|
|
Reticulocytes x 109/L |
50 – 100 |
|
Paediatric Reference Ranges
|
|
Reference Range | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Parameter |
1 year |
2 - 6 Years |
6 – 12 Years |
|
RBC (x 1012/L) |
3.9 - 5.1 |
4.0 - 5.2 |
4.0 - 5.2 |
|
HB (g/L) |
111 - 141 |
110-140 |
115 - 155 |
|
Hct |
0.30 - 0.38 |
0.34 - 0.40 |
0.35 - 0.45 |
|
MCV (fL) |
72 – 84 |
75 - 87 |
77 - 95 |
|
MCH (pg) |
25 – 29 |
24 – 30 |
25 – 33 |
|
MCHC (g/L) |
320 – 360 |
310 – 370 |
310 – 370 |
|
PLT (x 109/L) |
200 - 550 |
200 - 490 |
170-450 |
|
WBC (x 109/L) |
6 - 16 |
5 - 15 |
5 - 13 |
|
Differential: Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils (x 109/L) |
1.0 ‑ 7.0 3.5 – 11.0 0.2 ‑ 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 |
1.5 ‑ 8.0 6.0 – 9.0 0.2 ‑ 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 |
2.0 ‑ 8.0 1.0 – 5.0 0.2 ‑ 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 |
|
Reticulocytes (x 109/L) |
30 - 100 |
30 - 100 |
30 - 100 |
Infant Reference Ranges
|
|
Reference Range | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter |
BIRTH |
DAY 3 |
DAY 7 |
DAY 14 |
1 MONTH |
2 MONTHS |
3-6 MONTHS |
|
RBC (x1012/L) |
5.0 - 7.0 |
4.0 - 6.6 |
3.9 - 6.3 |
3.6 - 6.2 |
3.0 - 5.4 |
3.1 - 4.3 |
4.1 – 5.3 |
|
Hb (g/L) |
140 - 220 |
150 - 210 |
135 - 215 |
125 - 205 |
115 - 165 |
94 - 130 |
111 - 141 |
|
Hct |
0.45 - 0.75 |
0.45 - 0.67 |
0.42 - 0.66 |
0.31 - 0.71 |
0.33 - 0.53 |
0.28 - 0.42 |
0.3 – 0.4 |
|
MCV (fL) |
100 - 120 |
92 – 118 |
88 - 126 |
86 – 124 |
92 - 116 |
87 - 103 |
68 - 84 |
|
MCH (pg) |
31 - 37 |
31 - 37 |
31 - 37 |
31 – 37 |
30 - 36 |
27 - 33 |
24 - 30 |
|
MCHC (g/L) |
300 - 360 |
290 - 370 |
280 - 380 |
280 – 380 |
290 - 370 |
285 - 355 |
300 - 360 |
|
PLT (x 109/L) |
100 - 450 |
210 – 500 |
160- 500 |
170 – 500 |
200 - 500 |
210 - 650 |
200 - 550 |
|
WBC (x 109/L) |
10 - 26 |
7 - 23 |
6 - 22 |
6 – 22 |
5 – 19 |
5 - 15 |
6 -18 |
|
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils (x 109/L) |
4 ‑ 14 3 - 8 0.5 ‑ 2.0 0.1 - 1.0 |
3 ‑ 5 2 - 8 0.5 ‑ 1.0 0.1 - 2.0 |
3 - 6 3 - 9 0.1 - 1.7 0.1 - 0.8 |
3 ‑ 7 3 - 9 0.1 ‑ 1.7 0.1 - 0.9 |
3 ‑ 9 3 - 16 0.3 ‑ 1.0 0.2 - 1.0 |
1 ‑ 5 4 - 10 0.4 ‑ 1.2 0.1 - 1.0 |
1 – 6 4 –12 0.2 – 1.2 0.1 - 1.0 |
|
Reticulocytes (x 109/L) |
120 - 400 |
50-350 |
50 - 100 |
50 - 100 |
20 - 60 |
30 - 50 |
40 - 100 |
ESR Reference ranges:
|
ESR (mm in 1hr) Starrsed EDTA method | |
|---|---|
|
Male 0 – 50 years |
1-10 |
|
Female 0 – 50 years |
1-12 |
|
Male 51-60 years |
1-12 |
|
Female 51-60 years |
1-19 |
|
Male 61-70 years |
1-14 |
|
Female 61-70 years |
1-20 |
|
Male > 70 years |
1-30 |
|
Female > 70 years |
1-35 |
Manual ESR reference Range:
Performed on patients <10 years old
|
ESR (mm in 1hr) citrate manual method Polymedco Sediplast | |
|---|---|
|
Male 0 – 50 years |
1-8 |
|
Female 0 – 50 years |
1-10 |
|
Male 51-70 years |
1-12 |
|
Female 51-70 years |
1-17 |
|
Male > 70 years |
1-25 |
|
Female > 70 years |
1-29 |
Haematology FBC and ESR Reference Ranges are taken from Dacie & Lewis 12th edition
Tosoh G11 HbA1c Reference Range:
|
HbA1c (mmol HbA1c/mol HbA) IFCC Non-Diabetic Normal Range |
25-41 |
Stago STAR MAX 3 Coagulation Screen and D-Dimer Reference Ranges:
Adult Reference Ranges (10 years and above)
|
Parameter |
Reference Range |
|---|---|
|
Prothrombin Time (in Seconds) |
11.6-14.6 |
|
International Ratio (INR) |
0.9-1.2 |
|
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) (in Seconds) |
27.0-37.3 |
|
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Ratio (APTR) |
0.8-1.2 |
|
Clauss Fibrinogen (g/L) |
1.88-4.15 |
|
D-Dimer (µgFEU/mL) |
0-0.49 for patients below the age of 50 and then age-related range, i.e. 88-year-old = 0.0-0.87. |
*Please note change in APTT reference change from 06/10/25 due to reagent change. Old ref range 25.7-39.5 secs applies before this date.
Paediatric Reference Ranges
|
Parameter |
BIRTH-DAY4 |
DAY 4-DAY 29 |
DAY 29- 2 Months |
2 Months-5 Months |
5 Months-10 years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Prothrombin Time (in Seconds) |
10.1-15.9 |
10.0-15.3 |
10.0-14.3 |
10.0-14.2 |
10.7-13.9 |
|
International Ratio (INR) |
0.5-1.6 |
0.5-1.5 |
0.5-1.3 |
0.5-1.3 |
0.6-1.2 |
|
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) (in Seconds) |
31.3-54.5 |
25.4-59.8 |
32.0-55.2 |
29.0-50.1 |
28.1-42.9 |
|
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Ratio (APTR) |
1.0-1.8 |
0.8-2.0 |
1.0-1.8 |
1.0-1.6 |
1.0-1.4 |
|
Clauss Fibrinogen (g/L) |
1.67-3.99 |
1.62-4.62 |
1.62-3.78 |
1.50-3.79 |
1.50-3.87 |
|
D-Dimer (µgFEU/mL) |
0.0-0.49 |
0.0-0.49 |
0.0-0.49 |
0.0-0.49 |
0.0-0.49 |
Coagulation ranges for adults are taken from manufacturers’ guidance and verification performed on the STAGO platform. Coagulation ranges for infants and paediatrics are taken from Nathan DL, Orkin SH. Haematology of Infancy and Childhood 5th ed.
Special clotting test reference ranges are available on request
Reference ranges are provided on electronic report forms
Reference ranges for Full Blood Counts are not printed on paper reports- please refer to electronic copies or ranges on this page
If the gender of the patient is not known the female reference ranges will be applied
Normal range for D-Dimer is <0.5 µg/ml FEU based on the manufacturer’s recommendations. An age adjusted D-dimer is now used. If aged 51 years or older the upper limit of the normal range is calculated by (age ÷ 100), so a patient aged 70 will have a normal range of <0.7ug/ml FEU.
All patient results will have the age adjusted reference range quoted, and abnormal results will be highlighted in red.
Requesting & Resulting
Clear and accurate requesting is essential for timely and reliable Haematology results. The department supports both electronic and paper-based requests, with guidance tailored to hospital and primary care users.
How to Request Tests:
Electronic Requests:
- Hospital Users: Use the Electronic ordering system (ICE) to submit requests. Ensure all mandatory fields are completed.
- Primary Care Users: Submit requests via your practice’s linked electronic system.
Paper Request Forms:
- Use the Combined Blood Sciences or Haematology-specific request form.
- Include:
- Full patient identifiers
- Consultant/GP name and ward/surgery details
- Clinical information and test list
- Requestor’s name, signature, and contact number
- Phlebotomist’s signature, date, and time of sample collection
Result Reporting:
- Results are available electronically via EPR, Clinical Viewer or GP systems
