Supplements
The preferred place to get the vitamins and minerals our bodies require is through a well-balanced diet. However, there are some supplements which you could consider to support good nutrition and to prevent illness. Before starting any supplements, it is important to consider whether these are suitable and safe for you.Here are some supplements that are commonly used by people with MS.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is essential for maintaining bone health and regulating the immune system. Vitamin D mainly comes from sunlight, however, it can also be found in food, such as oily fish. Vitamin D deficiency is linked with several medical conditions, such as osteoporosis and diabetes, and has also been linked with an increased risk of getting Multiple Sclerosis. A link has been made with low levels of vitamin D and more frequent relapses as well as increased disability in those living with MS.
Your MS neurologist might recommend supplementing a high dose of vitamin D of up to 4000IU for an adult living with MS. Vitamin D supplements come in both tablets, drops or capsules and can be brought over the counter at your local pharmacy, or prescribed by your GP. Overdosing on vitamin D is rare but possible, therefore it is important that you follow the recommended dose to prevent vitamin D toxicity.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 helps to maintain the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system and plays an important role in the production of red blood cells. It is found mainly in animal products such as fish, meat and dairy and in fortified breakfast cereals. If you follow a vegan or vegetarian diet it is important to ensure you are getting enough B12.
It is not vital for all patients with MS to take a B12 supplement but is indicated where B12 levels are low. This can be diagnosed by a blood test. If you are found to have low levels of B12 you will be advised by your GP to take a supplement which can come in the form of a spray, tablet, capsule or injection. Where indicated, vitamin B12 supplements can help symptoms which mimic MS symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, numbness, and tingling.
Evening Primrose Oil (EPO)
Evening primrose oil is a dietary supplement which is derived from the seeds of the evening primrose plant. It contains high levels of omega-6 essential fatty acid which our bodies need to maintain good health. Omega-6 can also be found in nuts, seeds, and oils.
Historically, there has been a small amount of evidence to suggest that the length and severity of relapses were slightly reduced in patients using EPO, and some patients reported other health benefits.
Turmeric
There is evidence to suggest that turmeric has anti-inflammatory properties. For this reason, people with MS can take it to help with pain management and swelling. This can be added into food recipes or taken as a capsule.
Calcium
Calcium is important for maintaining good bone health. Calcium can be found in dark leafy vegetables, dairy, eggs and nuts. People with MS can be more prone to developing osteoporosis, where bones become weak and brittle. For this reason, your GP may recommend taking a calcium supplement, which is best taken alongside vitamin D. A bone density scan (DEXA) can be requested via your GP should you have concerns about your bone health. There is emerging evidence regarding risks linked with calcium supplementation; it is therefore recommended that you only take calcium supplements if this is advised by your GP or consultant.
